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Civil law
Civil law covers disputes between private parties, in contrast with criminal law. Lumi quizzes you on the definitions, standards and remedies that come up again and again.
How to turn this subject into cards
In the common law world, civil law is often taught as separate courses, so make notes per course and per claim, with the standard of proof and the usual remedy. Quiz yourself on the elements of each claim and on the defences. The trap is knowing a doctrine without its exception. Lumi helps you retain definitions, standards and remedies.
Example card
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Civil law · teach this card to Lumi
In US civil cases, the plaintiff usually has to prove the claim by a preponderance of the evidence. The usual civil remedy is damages, meaning money paid to compensate a loss. In England and Wales, the equivalent standard of proof is the balance of probabilities. Civil law systems such as France and Spain rely on codes more than on judicial precedent.
Lumi’s question
In US civil cases, the plaintiff usually has to prove the claim by a _____.
Pick the missing word
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Its lamp fades when a fact slips away.
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Teach this to Lumi
Give Lumi your civil law notes, it gives them back as questions at the right moment.